Testing Concepts

29. What are the tables in test plans?

Test design, scope, test strategies, approach are various details that Test plan document consists of.

Test case identifier

Scope

Features to be tested

Features not to be tested

Test strategy & Test approach

Test deliverables

Responsibilities

Staffing and trainings

Risk and Contingencies.

30. What is the difference between UAT (User Acceptance Testing) and System testing?

System Testing: System testing is finding defects when the system under goes testing as a whole, it is also known as end to end testing. In such type of testing, the application undergoes from beginning till the end.

UAT: User Acceptance Testing (UAT) involves running a product through a series of specific tests which determines whether the product will meet the needs of its users. 

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Testing Concepts

27. What is verification and validation?

Verification is a process of evaluating software  at development phase and to decide whether the product of a given  application satisfies the specified requirements. Validation is the process of evaluating software at the end of the development process and to check whether it meets the customer requirements.

28. What are different test levels?

There are four test levels

Unit/component/program/module testing

Integration testing

System testing

Acceptance testing.

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Testing Concepts

25. In white box testing what do you verify?

In white box testing following steps are verified.

Verify the security holes in the code

Verify the incomplete or broken paths in the code

Verify the flow of structure according to the document specification

Verify the expected outputs

Verify all conditional loops in the code to check the complete functionality of the application

Verify the line by line coding and cover 100% testing

26. What is the difference between static and dynamic testing?

Static testing: During Static testing method, the code is not executed and it is performed using the software documentation.

Dynamic testing:  To perform this testing the code is required to be in an executable form.

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Testing Concepts

21. What is DRE?

To measure test effectiveness a powerful metric is used to measure test effectiveness known as DRE (Defect Removal Efficiency).

 From this metric we would know how many bugs we have found from the set of test cases. Formula for calculating DRE is

DRE=Number of bugs while testing  / number of bugs while testing + number of bugs found by user

22. What are Test comparators?

Is it really a test if you put some inputs into some software, but never look to see whether the software produces the correct result? The essence of testing is to check whether the software produces the correct result, and to do that, we must compare what the software products to what it should produce.

A test comparator helps to automate aspects of that comparison.

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Testing Concepts

23. What is exploratory testing?

 Exploratory testing is a hands-on approach in which testers are involved in minimum planning and maximum test execution. The planning involves the creation of a test charter, a short declaration of the scope of a short (1 to 2 hour) time-boxed test effort, the objectives and possible approaches to be used.

The test design and test execution activities are performed in parallel typically without formally documenting the test conditions, test cases or test scripts. This does not mean that other, more formal testing techniques will not be used.

 For example, the tester may decide to use boundary value analysis but will think through and test the most important boundary values without necessarily writing them down. Some notes will be written during the exploratory-testing session, so that a report can be produced afterwards.

24. What is white box testing and list the types of white box testing?

White box testing technique involves selection of test cases based on an analysis of the internal structure (Code coverage, branches coverage, paths coverage, condition coverage etc.)  Of a component or system. It is also known as Code-Based testing or Structural testing.  Different types of white box testing are

Statement Coverage

Decision Coverage

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Testing Concepts

19. When do we prepare RTM (Requirement traceability matrix), is it before test case designing or after test case designing?

It would be before test case designing. Requirements should already be traceable from Review activities since you should have traceability in the Test Plan already. This question also would depend on the organization.

 If the organizations do test after development started then requirements must be already traceable to their source. To make life simpler use a tool to manage requirements.

20. Why we split testing into distinct stages?

We split testing into distinct stages because of following reasons,

Each test stage has a different purpose

It is easier to manage testing in stages

We can run different test into different environments

Performance and quality of the testing is improved using phased testing.

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Testing Concepts

17.  When should testing be stopped?

It depends on the risks for the system being tested. There are some criteria bases on which you can stop testing.

Deadlines (Testing, Release)

Test budget has been depleted

Bug rate fall below certain level

Test cases completed with certain percentage passed

Alpha or beta periods for testing ends

18. Why we use decision tables?

The techniques of equivalence partitioning and boundary value analysis are often applied to specific situations or inputs. However, if different combinations of inputs result in different actions being taken, this can be more difficult to show using equivalence partitioning and boundary value analysis, which tend to be more focused on the user interface.

The other two specification-based techniques, decision tables and state transition testing are more focused on business logic or business rules. A decision table is a good way to deal with combinations of things (e.g. inputs).

This technique is sometimes also referred to as a 'cause-effect' table. The reason for this is that there is an associated logic diagramming technique called 'cause-effect graphing' which was sometimes used to help derive the decision table.

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Testing Concepts

15. What are the Structure-based (white-box) testing techniques?

Structure-based testing techniques (which are also dynamic rather than static) use the internal structure of the software to derive test cases. They are commonly called 'white-box' or 'glass-box' techniques (implying you can see into the system) since they require knowledge of how the software is implemented, that is, how it works.

For example, a structural technique may be concerned with exercising loops in the software. Different test cases may be derived to exercise the loop once, twice, and many times. This may be done regardless of the functionality of the software.

16. What are the Experience-based testing techniques?

In experience-based techniques, people's knowledge, skills and background are a prime contributor to the test conditions and test cases. The experience of both technical and business people is important, as they bring different perspectives to the test analysis and design process.

Due to previous experience with similar systems, they may have insights into what could go wrong, which is very useful for testing.

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Testing Concepts

13. Consider the following techniques. Which are static and which are dynamic techniques?

Equivalence Partitioning.

Use Case Testing.

Data Flow Analysis.

Exploratory Testing.

Decision Testing.

Inspections.

Data Flow Analysis and Inspections are static; Equivalence Partitioning, Use Case Testing, Exploratory Testing and Decision Testing are dynamic.

14. What is the role of moderator in review process?

The moderator (or review leader) leads the review process. He or she determines, in co-operation with the author, the type of review, approach and the composition of the review team.

The moderator performs the entry check and the follow-up on the rework, in order to control the quality of the input and output of the review process.

The moderator also schedules the meeting, disseminates documents before the meeting, coaches other team members, paces the meeting, leads possible discussions and stores the data that is collected.

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Testing concepts

11. What is random/monkey testing? When it is used?

Random testing often known as monkey testing. In such type of testing data is generated randomly often using a tool or automated mechanism. With this randomly generated input the system is tested and results are analyzed accordingly. These testing are less reliable; hence it is normally used by the beginners and to see whether the system will hold up under adverse effects.

12. Which of the following are valid objectives for incident reports?

Provide developers and other parties with feedback about the problem to enable identification, isolation and correction as necessary.

Provide ideas for test process improvement.

Provide a vehicle for assessing tester competence.

Provide testers with a means of tracking the quality of the system under test. 

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Testing Concepts

9. What is component testing?

Component testing, also known as unit, module and program testing, searches for defects in, and verifies the functioning of software (e.g. modules, programs, objects, classes, etc.) that are separately testable. Component testing may be done in isolation from the rest of the system depending on the context of the development life cycle and the system. Most often stubs and drivers are used to replace the missing software and simulate the interface between the software components in a simple manner. A stub is called from the software component to be tested; a driver calls a component to be tested.

10. What are the different Methodologies in Agile Development Model?

There are currently seven different agile methodologies that I am aware of:

Extreme Programming (XP)

Scrum

Lean Software Development

Feature-Driven Development

Agile Unified Process

Crystal

Dynamic Systems Development Model (DSDM) 

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Testing Concepts

7. What qualities would you look for while hiring a test engineer?

- Test to break attitude
- Ability to put self in customer's shoes
- Desire for quality and attention to details.
- Tact and diplomacy while dealing with others. 
- Ability to communicate on technical lines with development team and on non-technical lines with the customer.
- Good understanding of SDLC
- Good judgment skills are needed to assess high-risk areas of an application.

 8. Rapid Application Development?

Rapid Application Development (RAD) is formally a parallel development of functions and subsequent integration. Components/functions are developed in parallel as if they were mini projects, the developments are time-boxed, delivered, and then assembled into a working prototype. This can very quickly give the customer something to see and use and to provide feedback regarding the delivery and their requirements. Rapid change and development of the product is possible using this methodology. However the product specification will need to be developed for the product at some point, and the project will need to be placed under more formal controls prior to going into production.

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Testing Concepts

5. What do you mean by following?

a.)  Test Script:
- It is usually used to refer to the instructions for a particular test that will be carried out by an automated test tool.

b.) Test Specification:
- This is a document specifying the test approach for a software feature or combination or features and the inputs, predicted results and execution conditions for the associated tests.

c.) Test Suite:
- This is a collection of tests which are used to validate the behavior of an application or product.
- Usually a test Suite is a high level concept, grouping together hundreds or thousands of tests related by what they are intended to test.

6. What are 5 common problems in the software development process?

1. Bad requirements - these requirements are unclear, incomplete, too general, or not testable. They cause problems.
2. Unrealistic schedule - Expecting too much result in too less time. 
3. Inadequate testing - lack of testing causes problem as no one knows if the system will behave as expected. 
4. Adding new features - after development; quite common. 
5. Poor communication within the team or with the customer.

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Testing Concepts

1. How do drivers and stubs relate to manual testing?

- Drivers and stubs are a part of incremental testing.
- The two approaches used in incremental testing are: the top down and the bottom up methods.
- Drivers are used for the bottom up approach.
- Drivers are the modules that run the components that are being tested.
- A stub is used for the top down approach.
- It is a replacement of sorts for a component which is used to test a component that it calls.

2. Explain the following mentioned testing types?

a.) Stress testing: 
- It checks the robustness of application.
- It verifies that application consistently provides satisfactory performance under unfavorable and extreme conditions. This includes - heavy user traffic, heavy process loads, irregular hardware clocking, and heavy utilization of resources. 
- Stress testing is also useful in verifying the effectiveness of error handling under extreme conditions.
b.) Sanity testing:
- Sanity testing is used to ensure that multiple or conflicting functions or variables do not exist in the system.
- It verifies that the components of the application can be compiled without a problem.
- It is conducted on all parts of the application.
c.) Ad hoc testing:
- It is a type of testing that is performed without the use of planning and/or documentation.
- These tests are run only one time unless a defect is found. 
- If defect is found, testing can be repeated. 
- It is considered to be a part of exploratory testing.
d.) Smoke testing:
- Smoke testing covers all of the basic functionality of the application.
- It is considered as the main test for checking the functionality of the application.
- It does not test the finer details of the application.

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Testing Concepts

3. Explain the following.

a.) Compatibility testing:
- It is a non-functional test performed on a software system or component for checking its compatibility with the other parts in the computing environment. 
- This environment covers the hardware, servers, operating system, web browsers, other software, etc.

b.) Integration testing:
- This test is performed to verify the interfaces between system components, interactions between the application and the hardware, file system, and other software. 
- A developer can also perform it.
- Ideally an integration testing team should perform it.

4. Explain the following.

a.) Code Complete:
- Phase of development where functionality is implemented in entirety with only bug fixes remaining.
- All functions from the functional specifications are already implemented.

b.) Code Coverage:
- This is an analysis method which determines which parts of the software have already been covered by the test case suite and which are remaining. 

c.) Code Inspection: 
- A formal testing technique where the programmer reviews source code with a group who ask questions analyzing the program logic, analyzing the code with respect to a checklist of historically common programming errors, and analyzing its compliance with coding standards.

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Software Testing Training in Chennai

Software Testing Training in Chennai is a process that consists of all test life cycle activities like static and dynamic testing concerned with planning, preparation and evaluation of software products to determine that the software products satisfy customers requirements and are fit for customers use. 

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Software Testing Training in Chennai is a process that consists of all test life cycle activities like static and dynamic testing concerned with planning, preparation and evaluation of software products to determine that the software products satisfy customers requirements and are fit for customers use. Software Testing Training in Chennai is done to find software defects or failures in advance.

Course Content:
Manual Testing

• Why Testing?
• Quality Importance
• Software Life Cycle
• SDLC Models

• Waterfall model
• Prototyping model
• Incremental
• V-Model
• Spiral Model
• RAD Model

• Scrum/Agile Methodology
• Risk Management
• Project Management
• STLC

• Test Plan and Control
• Test Analysis and Design
• Test Implementation and Execution
• Phases of Software Test Life Cycle(STLC)

• Structured and Specification Testing

• Black Box Testing
• White Box Testing
• Gray Box Testing

• Functional and Non- Functional Testing
• Review and Rework

• Types of review

• Bug Life cycle
• Test Management and Risk Management
• Standards
• Software Metrics
• Configuration Management

Web Technology

• Introduction to web Technology
• Web Page Design

• HTML
• CSS
• JavaScript

SQL Basic

• DDL – Data Definition Language
• DML – Data Manipulation Language
• DCL – Data Control Language
• TCL – Transaction Control Language
• Identifying Data Types
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• Keys and Constraints
• Views
• Built-in Functions
• DML, DDL, DCL Statements
• Writing Advanced Queries with Joins, Aggregates, Sub queries, Correlated Sub queries
• Set Operations
• Stored Procedures
• Triggers

Automation Testing
SELENIUM

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For more details:

Sakthi Software Solutions pvt ltd,

RVR Towers, 4th Floor, No.1, AA Block,
1st Street, 3rd Main Road,
Annanagar, Chennai 600 040.
Landmark: Annanagar Roundtana,
Behind Nalli Silks Showroom,
Phone: 044-43486300 / 45082474/75

website: www.sssedu.in

Software Testing Training in Chennai - Sakthi Software Solutions Pvt Ltd

Software Testing Training in Chennai is a process that consists of all test life cycle activities like static and dynamic testing concerned with planning, preparation and evaluation of software products to determine that the software products satisfy customers requirements and are fit for customers use. Software Testing Training in Chennai is done to find software defects or failures in advance.

Course Content:
Manual Testing

• Why Testing?
• Quality Importance
• Software Life Cycle
• SDLC Models

• Waterfall model
• Prototyping model
• Incremental
• V-Model
• Spiral Model
• RAD Model

• Scrum/Agile Methodology
• Risk Management
• Project Management
• STLC

• Test Plan and Control
• Test Analysis and Design
• Test Implementation and Execution
• Phases of Software Test Life Cycle(STLC)

• Structured and Specification Testing

• Black Box Testing
• White Box Testing
• Gray Box Testing

• Functional and Non- Functional Testing
• Review and Rework

• Types of review

• Bug Life cycle
• Test Management and Risk Management
• Standards
• Software Metrics
• Configuration Management

Web Technology

• Introduction to web Technology
• Web Page Design

• HTML
• CSS
• JavaScript

SQL Basic

• DDL - Data Definition Language
• DML - Data Manipulation Language
• DCL - Data Control Language
• TCL - Transaction Control Language
• Identifying Data Types
• Creating and Managing Tables
• Keys and Constraints
• Views
• Built-in Functions
• DML, DDL, DCL Statements
• Writing Advanced Queries with Joins, Aggregates, Sub queries, Correlated Sub queries
• Set Operations
• Stored Procedures
• Triggers

Automation Testing
SELENIUM

• Introduction to Selenium
• Introduction to Selenium IDE

• Test Creation and Execution

For more details:

Sakthi Software Solutions pvt ltd,

RVR Towers, 4th Floor, No.1, AA Block,
1st Street, 3rd Main Road,
Annanagar, Chennai 600 040.
Landmark: Annanagar Roundtana,
Behind Nalli Silks Showroom,
Phone: 044-43486300 / 45082474/75

website: www.sssedu.in